Jainism
- 👉Jainism was founded by Aadinath and Rishabha Dev, while the real founder was Mahavir swami.
- 👉The five Mahavarta (important principles) of Jainism are-: Ahimsa, Satya (truth), Asteya (not to steal), Aparigraha and Brahmacharya.
- 👉The first 4 was added by 23rd Tirthankar "Parasnath" while the 5th was added by Mahavir.
- 👉Vardhamana Mahavira was a contemporary of Buddha.
- 👉He was born in 540 BC at kundigram in Vaishali(Bihar).
- 👉He was a kshatriya prince of the Lichchhavis, a group that was part of the Vajji sangha.
- 👉The parents of Mahavira were Siddhartha and Trishala.His childhood name was Vardhmaan.
- 👉Mahavira married a princess named Yashoda.
- 👉Anujya or Priyadarshna was the daughter of Mahavira who was married to Jamali.
- 👉At the age of 30, Mahavira took permission from his elder brother "Nandi Vardhan"and left his home.
- 👉At the age of 42 years, under Sal tree on the bank of river Rijupalika, He attained the highest spiritual knowledge.
- 👉He died in 468 B.C because of self-starvation at Pava, near Rajgriha.
- 👉Mahavir gave his first sermon at Pava to 11 Brahman.
- 👉Jains believe that by following the three-fold path of right Belief, right Knowledge and right Conduct, souls will be released from transmigration and reach the pure and blissful abode.
- 👉First Jain Council was held at Patliputra under the chairmanship of Sthulabhadra in 367 B.C.It resulted in the compilation of 12 Angas replacing the lost 14 Purvas.
- 👉The Second Jain Council was held at Vallabhi under the chairmanship of Devardhi in 526 A.D.
- Jainism literature: They were written in Prakrit language.
- Aachrang Sutra- Tells about meditation of Mahavir for 12 years.
- Kalpa-sutra - Biographies of Jain Tirthankaras mainly ParashnaMahavir.
- Bhagwati Sutra - It contains thousands of question and answers on various topics from four Anuyogas, Such as soul, entities, matter, ultimate particles and universe.
Answer the following Question based on the Study notes:
Q1. First lady to join Jainism Association.?
Ans: Chandana.
Q2. How many Tirthankaras are known in Jainism?
Ans: 24 Tirthankaras.
Q3. Priyadarshna, the daughter of Mahavir was married to whom?
Ans: Jamali, his most favourite disciple.
Q4. Who was the twenty-fourth and last Tirthankara?
Ans: Vardhaman Mahavir.
Q5.Who laid the important principles of Jainism?
Ans: Parshavanath.
Q6.What are the Triratna (Three Jewels) in Jainism?
Ans: Right faith, right knowledge and right conduct.
Q7. In which language Mahavir gave his first sermon?
Ans: Pali.
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