VICEROY of India

Lord Canning (1858 – 62)

• Rule of company replaced by rule of crown in 1858.
• White mutiny by Indian troops in (1859).
• Indian council act 1861.
• Queen victoria proclamation was read by Lord canning at Allahabad.
• IPC – 1860

Lord Elgin – I (1862-63)

• Death – 1863, Punjab

Sir John Lawrence (1864 – 69)

• Bhutan war 1865
• Introduced First marine telegraph service between India & Europe (1865)
• Constituted a Famine Commission in chairmanship of Campbell.

Lord Mayo (1869 – 72)

• Opening of the Rajkot college at Kathiawar & the Mayo College at Ajmer for political training of Indian Princes.
• Establishment of statistical survey of India.
• Establishment of department of agriculture & commerce. (1872)
• Introduced census in India (1872)
• Kuka movement (1872)
• He was executed at portblair.

Lord Northbrook (1872 – 76)

• Visit of Prince of wales in 1875.
• Trial of Gayakwar of Baroda (1875)
• Famine in Bihar 1874
• Donate 10,000 Rs. to Mohammadan  Anglo-Oriental College Aligarh (1875).

Lord Litten (1876 – 80)

• Known as oven Meredith.
• Famine of 1876-78, affecting Madras, Bombay, Mysore, Hyderabad, parts of central India & Punjab.
• Appointment of Famine commission under the presidency of Richard strachey (1878).
• Royal titles Act – 1876 – Queen Victoria assuming the little of ‘Kaiser-i-hind’.
• The vernacular press act (1878)
• 2nd Afgan war (1878-80) 
• 1st Delhi Darbar (1877)
• Indian Arms Act 1878.
• Reduce Age of civil services 21 to 19 year.

Lord Ripon (1880 – 84)

• Repeal of vernacular press act 1882.
• The First Factory Act – 1881. To improve Labour conditions.
• Continuation of financial Decentralization (Ripon resolution)
• Government Resolution on local self government (RIPON RESOLUTION) – 1882.
• Appointment of Education commission under chairmanship of William Hunter. 1882 Hunter Commission.
• Ilbert bill controversy (1883 – 84) 
• First continuous Census – 1881
• Rendition of Mysore.
• saviour of India

Lord Dufferin (1884 – 88)

• Passed Bengal tenancy Act 1885 & Punjab tenancy Act 1887.
• Third Burmese war (1885 – 86)
• 1885 – Indian National congress established.
• 1887 – Allahabad university established.

Lord Lancedown (1888-94)

• Factory Act – 1891 
• Catagorized civil services into imperial provincial & council Act 1892.
• Indian council Act 1892.
• Setting up of Durand line between India & Afganistan. (Now between Pakistan & Afganistan)
• Prince of wales came India second time.

Lord Elgin – II (1894 – 99)

• Two British officials assassinated by chapekar brothers (1897).
• Swami vivekanand established math at Vellur & Remkrishna mission.

Lord Curzon (1899 – 1905)

• Appointment of police commission (1902) under sir Andrew Frazer to review police Administration.
• Appointment of universities commission (1902) & passing of Indian universities Act 1904.
• Establishment of department of commerce & Industries.
• Calcutta corporation act (1899) 
• Ancient monuments preservation Act (1904)
• Partition of Bengal (1905)
• Curzon kitchner controversy.
• Young husbands mission to tibbet (1904)
• Irrigation commission; chairmanship of Mancreef.
• Established C.I.D in police.
• Cooperative committee act 1904.

 Lord minto – II (1905 – 10)

• Founded Muslim league (1906) at Dhaka by Aga Khan.
• Congress declared his aim – ‘Swaraj’ in Calcutta session 1906.
• Split  congress in Surat session 1907.
• S.P. Sinha appointed in executive council of governor general . (1909 act)
• Madan Lal Dhingra executed colonel viely in London in 1909.
• Lord minto – Father of separate electorate system.

 Lord Harding – II (1910 – 16)

• Creation of Bengal Presidency like – Bombay & madras in 1911.
• Transfer of capital From Calcutta to Delhi in 1911.
• Establishment of Hindu mahasabha (1915) by madan mohan malviya.
• Coronation Darbar of king George V held in Delhi – 1911.
• 1911 – Fifth census held in India.
• 1913 – Rabindra nath tagore got nobel prize.
• 1914 – 18 – Ist World War.
• 1915 – Gandhi ji Arrived India.
• 1915 – Firojshah Mehta & gopal Krishna gokhle passed away.
• 1916 – BHU established by madan mohan malviya.

 Lord Chelmsford (1916 – 21)

• Tilak & Annie besant form home rule league – 1916.
• Lucknow session of congress 1916.
• Lucknow pact between congress and  muslim league – 1916.
• Foundation of Sabarmati Ashram (1916) after gandhiji return, Launch of satyagrah of champaran.
• Montengue August declaration (1917).
• Govt. of India Act (1919).
• Rowlatt act 1919.
• Jalianwala Bagh massacre 1919.
• Launch of non-cooperation & Khilafat movement.
• Foundation of First women university at Poona by D.K. Kerve in 1916.
• Saddler commission – 1917
• Death of tilak (August, 1920)
• Appointment of S.P. Sinha as governor of Bihar (The first Indian to become of governor)

 Lord Reading (1921 – 26)

• Chauri chora incident (Feb 5, 1922) & the subsequent withdrawal of non co-operation movement.
• Mopla rebellion in kerla (1921)
• Repeal of the press act of 1910 & the rowlatt act 1919.
• Criminal law amendment & Abolition of cotton excise.
• Kakori train Robbery (1925).
• Murder of Swami shradhanand (1926)
• Establishment of Swaraj party by M. L. Nehru & C. R. Das 
• Decision to held simultaneous examinations for the Ics both in delhi & London, with effect from 1923.
• Establishment of communist party of India by M. N. Roy at Taskand 

 Lord Irwin (1926 – 31)

• Constituted Simon commission in 1927 & Simon commission visited India in 1928 & the boycott of commission by the Indians.
• An all parties conference held at Lucknow (1928) for suggestions for the (future) constitution of India. The report of which was called ‘Nehru report’
• Murder of saunders, ASP of Lahore; Bomb blast in Assembly hall in delhi (1929) by Bhagat singh & Batukeswar dutt.
• The Lahore conspiracy case & death of Jatin das after resolution of congress in Lahore session 1929.
• Appointment of the Harcourt butter Indian states commission (1927).
• Dandi march (March 12, 1930) by Gandhiji to launch the civil disobedience movement.
• Deepawali declaration by Lord Erwin (1929)
• Boycott of the first round table conference (1930), Gandhi – Irwin act (1931), Suspension of civil disobedience movement.
• Establishment of Indian council of agriculture research – 1929.

 Lord Willingdon (1931 – 36)

• Second round table conference (Dec 1931) & failure of the conference resumption of civil disobedience movement. 
• Announcement of communal Award (1932) under which separate communal electorates were set up.
• Fast unto death by Gandhi is yervada prison, broken after the Poona past (1932).
• Third Round table conference (1932)
• Lanch of Individual civil disobedience (1933)
• The govt. of India act 1935.
• Establishment of All India kisan sabha (1936) & congress socialist party by Acharya Narendra Dev & Jayprakash Narayan .
• Burma separated from India 1935.
• Establishment of IMA. Dehradun – 1932.

 Lord Linlithgow (1936 – 44)

• First general election (1936 – 37), congress attained absolute majority in 6 province.
• Resignation of the congress ministers after the outbreak of the second World War (1939).
• Subhash Chandra bose elected as the president of congress at the fifthy  first session 
• Resignation of Bose in 1939 & formation of Forward block (1939)
• Lahore resolution (march 1940) by the Muslim league, demand for separate state for muslims.
• August offer (1940) by the viceroy; Its criticism by the congress & endorsement by muslim league.
• Winston Churchill elected prime minister of England (1940)
• Escape of S. C. Bose from India (1941) & Organization of the Indian National Army.
• Crips mission (1942). To after dominion status to India & setting up of a constituent Assembly for India.
• Passing of the quit India Resolution by the Congress (1942).
• Divide & Quit slogan at the Karachi session (1944) of muslim league.

 Lord Wavell (1944 – 47)

• C. R. Formula (1944), Failure of Gandhi – Jinnah talk (1944)
• Shimla conference (1945) failed
• Proposal of cabinet mission – 1946
• Election of constituent Assembly, formation of Interim government by the congress (1946)
• Observation of ‘Direct Action Day’ (Aug 16, 1946) by the Muslim league.
• 1946 – Navy – revolt in Mumbai.

Lord Mountbatten (1947 – 48)

• June third plan Announced. (1947)
• Introduced Indian independence bill in house of common
• Appointment of two boundary commission under ‘redcliff’ for the partition of India & Pakistan.
• Independent ⇒ @Pak-14 Aug.  @India-15 Aug.)

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